Electrochemically crosslinked surface-grafted poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) brushes as hole transport layers (HTLs) on a photovoltaic device have been demonstrated using SI-RAFT polymerization. Comparable performance to PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:PCBM based devices was achieved. A main advantage is strong adhesion to ITO with a possible long-term stability against acid dopants and oxygen.
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Tria et al. (2011) studied this question.
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