Key result
No single molecular method was able to detect all PRRSV strains, with the most sensitive real-time RT-PCR protocol detecting 70% of samples, highlighting the need to combine methods for accurate diagnosis.
Why the study?
The exceptional diversity of PRRSV viral strains is often an obstacle for accurate diagnosis, prompting an estimation of the performance of seven molecular detection methods.
No single RT-PCR protocol can detect all circulating PRRSV strains, highlighting the need to combine multiple methods or continuously update protocols based on local isolate sequencing.
Single RT-PCR may miss PRRSV strains in swine; leaves open optimal multi-protocol strategies pending validation.
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome is a viral disease of swine characterized by reproductive failure of breeding animals and respiratory disorders in all categories. The first PRRS case in Serbia was recorded in 2001 after illegal import of boar semen. PRRS is economically the most important disease due to significant direct and indirect losses. Today, for routine diagnosis of PRRS in infected herds serological methods (ELISA) and molecular methods are used. Although modern diagnostic techniques are very robust, exceptional diversity of the viral strains is often the obstacle for an accurate diagnosis. To estimate the performance of seven different methods for PRRSV genome detection, twenty samples were used. However, none of the methods was able to detect all PRRSV strains. The best sensitivity was obtained by combining two methods. Until today, there is no absolutely accurate test which enables the detection of all circulating strains.
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Milićević et al. (2020) studied Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) (n=20). Seven molecular methods (RT-PCR protocols) was evaluated on Detection of PRRSV genome. No single molecular method was able to detect all PRRSV strains, with the most sensitive real-time RT-PCR protocol detecting 70% of samples, highlighting the need to combine methods for accurate diagnosis.
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