Utilization of silica microfiber to enhance the rheological properties and fluid loss control of water-based drilling fluids

Water-based drilling muds (WDM) are essential for the oil and gas industry; however, they often face challenges with inadequate rheological performance and excessive fluid loss. This study explores the application of a new additive silica microfiber (SMF) combined with xanthan gum (XG) to improve the properties of WDM. The primary goals are to reduce filtration loss and enhance rheological characteristics. Initially, the physicochemical properties of the SMF were analyzed by Scan Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Furthermore, the experimental procedure involved an optimized formulation of mud samples with varying concentrations from 0 to 1 g for SMF, XG and SMF with XG. The sample analysis was performed between the temperatures of 30 and 120°C. The synergistic effect of SMF and XG resulted in a 69% reduction in filtration loss compared to WDM without additives. In addition, the optimal formulation with SMF improved Plastic viscosity (PV), yield point (YP), apparent viscosity (AV) and gel strength of WDM. The mud displayed a desirable non-Newtonian characteristic across the temperature range up to 120°C. The WDM with the addition of SMF is more efficient and will enhance the well integrity and reduce operational costs in the oil and gas industry.