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In mice, subcutaneous administration of antibiotics that disrupt the anaerobic microflora (i.e., clindamycin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and ceftriaxone) facilitated in vitro growth of and toxin production by Clostridium difficile in cecal contents, whereas antibiotics that cause minimal disruption of the anaerobic microflora (i.e., levofloxacin, cefepime, and aztreonam) did not.
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Pultz et al. (2005) studied this question.
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