In 1972, we reported the 1st observation of polygyny in colonies of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren. As many as 20 mated queens were found in a single mound. Banks et al. (1973) subsequently reported finding 2 mated queens in a single mound of the native fire ant species, Solenopsis geminata (F.).
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Glancey et al. (1975) studied this question.