Traditional and novel risk factors of premature coronary heart disease and correlation between Triglyceride-glucose index and multivessel disease

Background: For a decade, the incidence and global burden of coronary heart disease (CHD) has increased in the young population. To identify the characteristics of premature CHD patients and to determine the risk factors of premature CHD and multivessel disease (MVD).Methods: A total of 2846 patients were enrolled in this retrospective, cross-sectional study. Premature CHD is defined as men <45 years and women <55 years. Demographic and clinical data were collected from the database of patient medical records. Logistic regression models were applied to analyse the characteristics and risk factors of premature CHD and MVD.Results: Most characteristics between premature and mature CHD patients were not statistically significant. A significantly higher rate of dyslipidaemia was found in female premature CHD patients (OR=1.412, 95%CI:1.029-1.936). In the crude models, female patients with the highest TyG index level were more likely to have premature MVD (OR=2.065, 95%CI:1.426-2.991) or mature MVD (OR=1.837, 95%CI:1.104-3.056) than those with the lowest TyG index group instead of premature single-vessel disease. Among male patients, the same trend was observed in mature MVD of CHD (OR=2.272, 95%CI:1.312-3.937). The significance of the TyG index was not revealed in the multivariate analyses; however, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking, OMI, and Lp(a) showed a positive association with MVD.Conclusions: Dyslipidaemia should be used as an effective factor for the prediction and prevention of premature CHD in women. The TyG index could be a simple auxiliary indicator to be applied in population-based cardiovascular disease screening for initial identification of vascular disease severity.