Controlled experimental study demonstrates that bacterial lectins reduce oxidative damage and enhance growth in wheat, indicating their potential to mitigate crop salinity stress.
Many strains of the genus Azospirillum are plant growth-promoting bacteria. Its beneficial effects on plants may be mediated by various mechanisms. Аzоsрirillа саn аssist in mitigаtiоn оf mаny kinds оf аbiоtiс strеss. Аzоsрirillum lесtins аrе glyсоprоtеins with diffеrеnt mоlеculаr mаssеs аnd сarbоhydrаtе sресifiсitiеs. Lесtins аrе роlyfunсtiоnаl mоlесulеs. This study examined the potential of lectins from two Azospirillum strains, Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 (epiphyte) and Azospirillum baldaniorum Sp245 (endophyte), to mitigate stress in wheat caused by simulated salinity. Pre-incubation of seeds with lectin solutions significantly improved germination energy and viability, and stimulated root growth in plant seedlings (root number and size). Along with improved growth and morphometric parameters, lectins also mitigated oxidative stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in lectin-treated plants were lower than in plants exposed to stress alone. Lectins can alter the ratio of photosynthetic pigments in plant cells under stress. The concentration of chlorophyll a and b, as well as the amount of carotenoids, increases. The lectin of the endophytic strain demonstrated higher functional activity, reaching the maximum effect earlier and at a lower concentration than the lectin of A. brasilense Sp7. The results indicate a positive effect of these glycoproteins on plant resistance.
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Аленькина et al. (2026) studied this question.
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