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September 5, 2026Neurological ResearchOpen Access

Serum biomarker dynamics for predicting clinical outcomes and hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischemic stroke:A prospective cohort study

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Authors

HLHongyan LiXMXuegang MengZLZhu Li

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Overview

Prospective cohort study reveals that early serum GFAP dynamics predict hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischemic stroke, highlighting the utility of serial biomarker monitoring for risk...

Key Points

  • To investigate 7-day dynamic serum profiles of GFAP, NfL, and IL-6 and evaluate their ability to predict hemorrhagic transformation and 3-month functional recovery after acute ischemic stroke.
  • Prospective cohort study evaluating 308 patients with acute ischemic stroke.
  • Serum biomarkers (GFAP, NfL, IL-6) were measured daily over a 7-day period.
  • Predictive performance was evaluated using Cox regression, ROC analysis, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis.
  • Hemorrhagic transformation occurred in 13.6% (42/308) of patients.
  • The 24-hour GFAP change rate independently predicted hemorrhagic transformation (HR = 1.041, 95% CI: 1.015–1.069, p = 0.002), with the combined model achieving a bootstrap-corrected C-index of 0.877.
  • Peak GFAP levels significantly improved the prediction of 3-month functional outcomes (AUC = 0.850, p = 0.048), outperforming NfL and IL-6.

Cite This Study

Li et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a9bd4216b95aff0620eb973https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2026.2697011
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