Review reveals specialized physiological, immune, and metabolic adaptations in vesper bats, highlighting unique survival strategies in cold northern environments.
This review examines the unique anatomical, physiological, and behavioral adaptations of vesper bats (Vespertilionidae, Chiroptera) to their environment. These adaptations enable the bats to successfully traverse distances and adapt to conditions of low temperatures and limited energy resources. The results of our own studies and those of specialists in bat biology are summarized and analyzed. This report provides an overview of key events in the annual cycle, as well as features of the reproductive, immune, and hematopoietic systems and fat metabolism in bats compared to other mammalian species.
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Ilyukha et al. (2026) studied this question.
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