MicroRNA Roles in the NF-κB Signaling Pathway during Viral Infections

NF- κ B signaling network is a crucial component of innate immunity. miRNAs are a subtype of small noncoding RNAs, involved in regulation of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Increasing evidence has emerged that miRNAs play an important role in regulation of NF- κ B signaling pathway during viral infections. Both host and viral miRNAs are attributed to modulation of NF- κ B activity, thus affecting viral infection and clearance. Understandings of the mechanisms of these miRNAs will open a direction for development of novel antivirus drugs.