A study of the composition and energy distribution of a beam of ions obtained from an Al liquid metal ion source supports the field evaporation mechanism for ion formation at low currents. The beam composition varies as Al+≫Al++≳A+ 2≳ Al+ 3≳ Al+ 4≳ Al+ 5 and the energy spread ΔE varies as Al++
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Bell et al. (1982) studied this question.
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