A novel frequency reconfigurable 4G Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) handset antenna is presented and verified with experimental results.Frequency tuning is used to minimize the antenna volume and to compensate for the losses related to user-originated impedance detuning.Both antenna elements are independently frequency reconfigurable and can cover most of the LTE-A bands.The study compares the losses of CMOS-and MEMS-based digitally tunable capacitors (DTC).In addition, two prototypes with total antenna volumes of 1170 and 3900 mm 3 have been studied.The results show that the larger antenna structure operates with an efficiency better than 49% across the frequencies of 698-960 MHz and better than 56% across the frequencies of 1430-2690 MHz, when a MEMS-based DTC is used.In addition, a new method is introduced to estimate the suitability of the antenna geometry for frequency tunable antennas.
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Ilvonen et al. (2014) studied this question.
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