Acute pancreatitis associated with sodium stibogluconate treatment in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus

The pentavalent antimony sodium stibogluconate is the drug of choice in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. However, sodium stibogluconate can cause severe adverse effects; among them, cardiotoxic and hepatotoxic reactions stand out. 1 We recently cared for a human immunodeficiency virusinfected patient with visceral leishmaniasis who developed acute pancreatitis early in the course of treatment with sodium stibogluconate. Report of a Case. A 34-year-old woman with human immunodeficiency virus infection was admitted to the hospital because of high-degree fever and malaise of 1 month's duration, without any focal symptom. On physical examination she had fever (40°C), and there were small lymph nodes in the laterocervical region, hepatomegaly (3 cm), and splenomegaly (6 cm). Laboratory tests disclosed the following values: hemoglobin, 7.0 g/L; leukocyte count, 1.82x10 9 /L, with 1.32x10 9 /L neutrophils and 0.15x10 9 /L lymphocytes; platelets, 160x10 9 /L; and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, 140 mm/h. Renal function was