Activity Hysteresis during Cyclic Temperature‐Programmed Reactions in the Partial Oxidation of Acrolein to Acrylic Acid

Oxidation of acrolein to acrylic acid on a Mo/V/W mixed oxide catalyst was studied by transient (cyclic temperature‐programmed (TP)) as well as steady‐state methods. TP reactions (TPReactions) exhibit an activity hysteresis of the catalyst with respect to temperature. As a result of the steady‐state measurements, the activity hysteresis is not related to multiple steady states and is exclusively a transient phenomenon. Generally, the dynamics of bulk oxygen plays a key role leading to a reversible oxidation/reduction of the catalyst surface which influences the activity. This means the bulk acts as oxygen buffer. In this context, a reaction model, which involves the participation of bulk oxygen, was deduced and verified by modeling.