Key result
Direct spiral computed tomography (CT) venography with 3-dimensional reconstruction effectively illustrates the spectrum of venous collateral pathways in thoracic central venous obstruction.
Direct spiral CT venography with 3D reconstruction is an effective imaging modality for visualizing the complex spectrum of venous collateral pathways in thoracic central venous obstruction.
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May aid noninvasive collateral mapping in thoracic central venous obstruction; leaves open prospective validation of clinical utility.
Kim et al. (2004) conducted a review in Thoracic central venous obstruction. Direct spiral computed tomography (CT) venography and 3-dimensional reconstruction was evaluated on Demonstration of venous collateral pathways. Direct spiral computed tomography (CT) venography with 3-dimensional reconstruction effectively illustrates the spectrum of venous collateral pathways in thoracic central venous obstruction.
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