In Vitro and In Vivo Activity of Selected Plant Crude Extracts and Fractions Against Penicillium Italicum

The objective of this study is to evaluate (in vitro and in vivo) seven plant extracts and their liquid fractions against four Penicillium italicum isolates. The in vitro study revealed that a concentration 520 g/ml of crude extract of sticky fleabane leaves or cinnamon bark generated maximum percentage inhibition of 54% and 43%, respectively, against tested fungal isolates. A concentration of 130 g /ml from each extract (except harmal and garlic where, 390 g/ml were required) caused complete inhibition of fungal growth of isolates Pi.1 and Pi.3 infecting orange fruit. A concentration of 130 g/ml of nightshade fruit, fenugreek or sticky fleabane extract inhibited completely the growth of isolates Pi.3 and Pi.5 infecting lemon fruits, whereas a concentration of 390 g/ml was required to inhibit the growth of isolate Pi.1. Methanolic fractions of cinnamon, garlic or sticky fleabane completely inhibited the growth of fungal isolates. The IC 50 values for these fractions were found to be in the range of: 11.2-24; 30.25-31.50; 25.0-36.0 g/ml, respectively.