Social Groups as Products of Participating Individuals

Human Individuals and social groups do not exist as natural objects; they are data of evaluative and active human experiences which cannot be theoretically standardized as either objective or subjective, but can be reconstructed and objectively investigated as facts by standardized methods of humanistic science.Thus viewed, the group is not an association of concrete individuals by a synthesis of members' roles. Members' roles and groups are cultural products, systems of values, and activities regulated in accordance with definite historical patterns. But there are various other factors which modify or interfere with the patterned relationships between groups and their members, and these raise many difficult problems of social causality.