The surface to volume ratio for the gill system was examined in larvae of the black sea bream by using positive transparencies of serial sections projected on a rectilinear grid. Morphometric data showed that the ratio for gill filaments decreases markedly at the transitional stage from yolk sac to exogenous food source. Larvae at the end of the yolk sac stage probably have considerable difficulties with gill respiration, as well as food searching.
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Iwai et al. (1977) studied this question.
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