Multipartite patella: A review of diagnostic techniques and management of the symptomatic patient

Multipartite patella is an anatomical variant classified by the fragmentation of the main patellar body. The cause of this variant is due to failure in fusion of the patellar ossification centers. It is commonly misdiagnosed as a fracture of the patella in clinical practice, leading to unnecessary treatment measures. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the development and classification of this variation, diagnostic imaging techniques, and assess the optimal management technique for the symptomatic patient. Multiple radiographic methods are used to identify this variant, with recent studies highlighting high sensitivity rates for nonradiative methods (ultrasound). In terms of symptomatic management, accessory fragment excision and vastus lateralis release provide the greatest alleviation of symptoms, with screw fixation being less favorable.