Recent research on time-modulated metamaterials has revealed physical phenomena and applications such as optical harmonic generation, parametric amplification, frequency mixing, and nonreciprocity. From their study of time-modulated twin meta-atoms, from concept to experimental implementation, the authors realize a nonreciprocal beam-steering transmissive phase-gradient metasurface. Unlike other recent proposals, here the transmitted wave has the same frequency as the incident wave, while all undesired time harmonics are significantly suppressed. This promotes high conversion efficiency, which is paramount for practical applications such as satellite or cellular wireless communication.
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Taravati et al. (2020) studied this question.
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