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A DNA aptamer (green in the scheme), an antisense DNA strand (purple), and an enzyme (blue) form a nanoengine that responds to a small-molecule input (red) and dispatches a DNA output. The addition of the input promotes the first stroke of the nanoengine, the action of the enzyme the second stroke. Joint exploration of all components could lead to bionanodevices that can detect a biological malfunction and initiate a repair.
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Nutiu et al. (2005) studied this question.
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