Formation of a Highly Oxidized Iron Biliverdin Complex upon Treatment of a Five-Coordinate Verdoheme with Dioxygen

Treatment of a green solution of the five-coordinate octaethylverdoheme, XFeII(OEOP) 1 (X = Cl or Br), with dioxygen results in the formation of a new iron complex of octaethylbiliverdin, 2, within a matter of minutes. The reaction has been monitored by 1H NMR spectroscopy, and the product 2 (X = Cl) has been isolated and examined by X-ray crystallography. The structure of 2 (X = Cl) shows that the iron is five-coordinate with bonds to the four nitrogen atoms of the helical tetrapyrrole ligand and to an axial chloride. Treatment of 2 (X = Cl or Br) with zinc amalgam produces the known iron(III) complex of biliverdin, {FeIII(OEB)}2. The unusual pattern of resonances in the 1H NMR spectrum of 2 and its facile reduction to {FeIII(OEB)}2 indicate that 2 is an oxidized complex that can be formulated by resonance structures involving either an Fe(IV) ion bound to a bilindione trianion or an Fe(III) ion bound to an oxidized, dianionic, radical form of the ligand.