We report improved emission performance of microgated carbon nanotube field-emitter arrays. The arrays with 0.1mm2 areas produced anode currents in excess of 1mA (1A∕cm2) and transconductance of up to 174μS (174mS∕cm2) at gate voltages of 75V or less. The carbon nanotubes were grown by dc plasma chemical-vapor deposition, but were not oriented vertically during inspection in the scanning electron microscope. Most of the nanotubes had diameters near 10nm. We suggest that the small tube diameter caused the relatively high emission current and also produced limber tubes, unable to support themselves vertically.
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Hsu et al. (2006) studied this question.
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