Laboratory biomarkers for the prognosis of chronic heart failure

Introduction. Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a pressing worldwide medical problem, in our country in particular. The incidence of CHF is constantly increasing. The epidemiological forecast shows that by 2050, the number of patients with CHF will increase by 60% compared to 2010. According to the latest data, the total number of patients with CHF in Russia is 12 million, 4.5 million of whom have III and IV New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class. Heart transplantation is a high-tech method of treating terminal heart failure and is recognized as the gold standard of care for patients whose risk of death within a year is more than 50% if it is impossible to use other methods of treatment. A number of new laboratory biomarkers can help predict adverse outcomes in patients with CHF. Objective. To summarize information about laboratory biomarkers for the assessment and prognosis of CHF and explaine the actuality of their further study in clinical practice. Material and methods. This review is based on articles over the past 10 years conducted using the resources of the PubMed and eLIBRARY research engines using keywords. Results. Existing laboratory markers used to assess and predict the course of CHF have a number of limits. The comparison of biomarkers made including diagnostic characteristics, the advantages and disadvantages of using biomarkers in clinical practice. Conclusion. It is efficient to use several laboratory biomarkers to assess and predict the course of CHF. The most promising laboratory biomarkers for the assessment and prognosis of CHF are neprilysin, fractalkine, interleukin-6 and biomarkers of of extracellular matrix metabolism (MMP-2, MMP-8, PIIINP and TIMP-1).