Key result
Surgical interventions resulted in an overall surgical site infection rate of 27.6% (95% CI: 0.205-0.360), with prolonged post-operative hospital stays and wound class as significant predictors.
Observational (n=127)
No
The overall magnitude of surgical site infections in this Nigerian tertiary facility is high at 27.6%, highlighting the need for improved surveillance and infection control policies.
Elevated SSI rates in this Nigerian cohort signal need for strengthened local infection control; Level 3 evidence leaves open generalizability and causal inference.
Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most frequent complications of surgical interventions. Several factors have been identified as major determinants of occurrence of SSIs. The present study determined the occurrence and possible risk factors associated with SSIs at a tertiary healthcare facility in Abuja, Nigeria. All patients scheduled for operation in the hospital during the study period and who consented to participate willingly in the study were observed prospectively for the occurrence of SSI based on criteria stipulated by the United States Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Data on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, surgical procedure and co-morbidity were collected into a pre-tested data collection tool and analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics software v.24. Predictors of SSIs were identified using multivariate logistic regression model and p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Of the 127 surgical patients that met the inclusion criteria comprising 65 (51.2%) females and 62 (48.8%) males between 1 and 83 years with mean age of 25.64 ± 1.66 years, 35 (27.56%; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.205–0.360) developed SSIs. Prolonged post-operative hospital stays (p < 0.05), class of wound (p < 0.0001) and some comorbid conditions were found to be significantly associated with higher SSI rate. The SSI rate was highest among patients that had Kirschner-wire insertion (75.0%), followed by an unexpectedly high infection rate among patients that had mastectomy (42.9%), while lower percentages (33.3%) were recorded among patients that had exploratory laparotomy and appendicectomy. The overall magnitude of SSIs in this facility is high (27.6%; 95% CI: 0.205–0.360). Several factors were found to be independent predictors of occurrence of SSI. The findings thus highlight the need for improved surveillance of SSIs and review of infection control policies of the hospital.
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Olowo‐okere et al. (2018) conducted an observational in Surgical patients (n=127). Surgical procedures was evaluated on Occurrence of surgical site infections (SSIs) (95% CI 0.205-0.360). Surgical interventions resulted in an overall surgical site infection rate of 27.6% (95% CI: 0.205-0.360), with prolonged post-operative hospital stays and wound class as significant predictors.
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