Why the study?
Metoclopramide was previously assumed to be free of extrapyramidal side effects, but subsequent reports indicated it can cause extrapyramidal symptoms, drug-induced motor side effects, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Population
20 patients from 20 articles reporting metoclopramide-induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Design
Systematic review
Key result
A 56-year-old man with schizophrenia developed a third, lethal episode of neuroleptic malignant syndrome despite a 45-month period without antipsychotic use, suggesting a trait vulnerability.
Authors
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NMS may recur fatally years after metoclopramide exposure; case reports leave open long-term risk stratification and prevention.
Case Report (n=1)
No
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome is a rare but potentially fatal complication that can be induced by metoclopramide or atypical antipsychotics, and may recur in vulnerable individuals even without recent antipsychotic exposure.
Ghafour et al. (2020) conducted a case report in Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (n=1). Promethazine and ECT was evaluated on Recurrence of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome. A 56-year-old man with schizophrenia developed a third, lethal episode of neuroleptic malignant syndrome despite a 45-month period without antipsychotic use, suggesting a trait vulnerability.