Hierarchically Assembled ZnO Nanocrystallites for High‐Efficiency Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Spray pyrolysis is effective in the formation of a nanoengineered photoanode. An unprecedented photoconversion efficiency of 7.5 % for ZnO-based dye-sensitized cells was achieved on a photoelectrode consisting of polydispersed ZnO aggregates of nanocrystallites over a compact ZnO buffer layer at a firing temperature of 450 °C. FTO= fluorine-doped tin oxide.