We have designed an x-ray extensional flow cell based on the crossed-slot geometry that is compatible with x-ray diffraction. Extensional flow within the cell was both confirmed and characterized by examining the trajectories of small latex spheres suspended in water via video microscopy. The cell was then used to examine extensional-flow-induced structural changes in a well-known lamellar surfactant system, and the alignment of the surfactant domains was observed to increase with increasing extension rate.
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Kisilak et al. (2001) studied this question.
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