Therapeutic approaches enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration

Peripheral nerve injury is a common occurrence and represents a major economic burden for society. The development of novel strategies to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration is, therefore, of great relevance. Conventional treatments include surgical repair of the damaged nerves for minor injuries, whereas autologous nerve grafts are required to recover longer interruptions. However, despite great surgical advances, functional recovery is often poor. Although it is well known that the peripheral nervous system has a greater regenerative capacity than the central nervous system and, considering the scientific advancements and knowledge in regenerative medicine, clinical applications appears still limited. This review provides an overview of the methodological approaches currently under study, aimed at enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration. In particular, tissue engineering, cell therapy and pharmacological approaches will be discussed.