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The basic principles and major applications of on-site/in situ environmental and process analysis by mass spectrometry are presented. This paper mainly deals with instrumental procedures, especially sample introduction methods, such as direct methods, atmospheric pressure sampling, membrane inlet mass spectrometry, liquid injection systems and gas chromatographic methods, together with the properties of various analyser types and data handling requirements. In addition, the development of portable mass spectrometers is discussed. The on-site/in situ applications of mass spectrometry are summarized and a few applications are discussed in some detail.
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Tapio Kotiaho (1996) studied this question.
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