Comparative linguistic analysis reveals an underlying Semitic commercial meaning for sbˀ in the Septuagint, suggesting translators understood the root as wine trading rather than drunkenness.
I propose to relate the puzzling rendering of סָבְאָם as Χαναναίους in Hos 4:18a LXX to the only other occurrence of סֹבֶא »strong drink, wine, or beer«, Isa 1:22, where the term is translated in the LXX as οἱ κάπηλοι »retailers«. Given that כְּנַעֲנִי »Canaanite« functioned as a designation for »trader«, I argue that both verses ultimately reflect the same underlying interpretation of the root sbˀ in the sense »to sell wine«, which is well documented in other Semitic languages. It is plausible that the LXX translators recognised this meaning within Biblical Hebrew or derived it from Aramaic, their native linguistic milieu.
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Maria Yurovitskaya (2026) studied this question.
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