Brownian and thermophoresis diffusion effects on magnetohydrodynamic hybrid nanofluid flow with radiation and activation energy

In this study, we investigate the heat and mass transfer behavior of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) hybrid nanofluid flow over a stretching surface embedded in a porous medium, incorporating the combined effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis diffusion in the presence of activation energy and thermal radiation. Two different kinds of fluids, namely Al2O3/water/water and Cu/water/water, are selected for investigation. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations through similarity transformations and solved numerically using the shooting technique in MATLAB. The influence of key parameters such as the magnetic field, radiation, and chemical reaction rates on velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions is examined. Engineering performance measures including skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are evaluated.