A hysteresis phenomenon has been revealed through experiments conducted with large-amplitude forced oscillations of pendant drops in air. Under strong excitation, the frequency response of a drop forced at constant amplitude exhibits jump behavior; a larger peak response amplitude ε↓ appears at a lower frequency ω↓ during a downward (↓) variation of forcing frequency than during an upward (↑) variation, viz. ε↓≳ε↑ and ω↓<ω↑. Similar results are obtained when forcing amplitude is varied at constant frequency. This behavior is characteristic of a system with a soft nonlinearity. These findings indicate that oscillating pendant drops constitute a convenient system for studying nonlinear dynamics.
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DePaoli et al. (1995) studied this question.
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