Key result
Placenta praevia and low cord insertion were associated with lower rates of pre-eclampsia (0% vs 4.1%, P=0.004; and 0% vs 2.5%, P=0.018) and reduced maternal blood pressure at term.
Why the study?
Do placental abnormalities and umbilical cord insertion site affect the occurrence of pre-eclampsia and maternal blood pressure in women delivering singleton infants?
Case-Control (n=5,722)
No
Do placental abnormalities and umbilical cord insertion site affect the occurrence of pre-eclampsia and maternal blood pressure in women delivering singleton infants?
Absolute Event Rate: 0% vs 4.1%
p-value: p=0.004
Placenta praevia and low cord insertion are associated with lower frequencies of pre-eclampsia and lower maternal blood pressure at term.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether placental abnormalities and umbilical cord insertion site affect the occurrence of pre-eclampsia and maternal blood pressure. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: Showa University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. POPULATION: A total of 5722 consecutive women who delivered singleton infants were included in the study. METHODS: The associations of placental abnormalities, the location of the placenta, the location of the cord insertion site, and maternal background with the occurrence of pre-eclampsia and maternal blood pressure at the term of pregnancy were analysed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Pre-eclampsia and maternal blood pressure at the term of pregnancy. RESULTS: Pre-eclampsia was observed in 236 women (4.1%). Pre-eclampsia was frequently observed in women with placental form abnormalities (odds ratio 3.0) and infarction of the placenta (odds ratio 5.3). Pre-eclampsia was observed in 0 and 4.1% of women with and without placenta praevia, respectively (P = 0.004), and in 0 and 2.5% of women with and without low cord insertion during the first trimester, respectively (P = 0.018). After adjustment for confounding variables, the multivariate regression analyses revealed reductions of 8.4 and 5.0 mmHg in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively, in women with placenta praevia compared with women without placenta praevia, and reductions of 4.3 and 3.1 mmHg in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively, in women with low cord insertion during the first trimester compared with women without low cord insertion. CONCLUSION: Not only placenta praevia but also low cord insertion are associated with low frequencies of pre-eclampsia and low maternal blood pressure.
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Hasegawa et al. (2011) conducted a case-control in Pregnancy (n=5,722). Placenta praevia and low cord insertion vs. Women without placenta praevia or low cord insertion was evaluated on Pre-eclampsia (p=0.004). Placenta praevia and low cord insertion were associated with lower rates of pre-eclampsia (0% vs 4.1%, P=0.004; and 0% vs 2.5%, P=0.018) and reduced maternal blood pressure at term.
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