The influence of manganese on the crystallographic phase and the microstructure of BaTi 1− x Mn x O 3 ceramics (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05) is investigated. The crystal structure at room temperature changes from tetragonal to hexagonal between x = 0.005 and 0.017, which causes a drastic change in the microstructure. The Jahn_Teller distortion caused by the Mn Ti 3+ ions is proposed as the driving force for the phase transition. Annealing of the as‐fired samples in both a reducing and oxidizing atmosphere restores the tetragonal phase, which is accompanied by a change in the microstructure based on the percentage of tetragonal phase.
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Langhammer et al. (2000) studied this question.
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