Recent Advances in Printing Technologies of Nanomaterials for Implantable Wireless Systems in Health Monitoring and Diagnosis

The development of wireless implantable sensors and integrated systems, enabled by advances in flexible and stretchable electronics technologies, is emerging to advance human health monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment. Progress in material and fabrication strategies allows for implantable electronics for unobtrusive monitoring via seamlessly interfacing with tissues and wirelessly communicating. Combining new nanomaterials and customizable printing processes offers unique possibilities for high-performance implantable electronics. Here, this report summarizes the recent progress and advances in nanomaterials and printing technologies to develop wireless implantable sensors and electronics. Advances in materials and printing processes are reviewed with a focus on challenges in implantable applications. Demonstrations of wireless implantable electronics and advantages based on these technologies are discussed. Lastly, existing challenges and future directions of nanomaterials and printing are described.