Effects of Goal Setting on Task Performance of Persons with Mental Retardation

We reviewed empirical investigations of the effects of goal setting on task performance of persons with mental retardation. Use of goal setting strategies, in conjunction with other instructional strategies, in the reviewed studies was associated with increased rate or accuracy of performance of both children and adults with mild to severe mental retardation. Analysis of the studies resulted in identification of factors associated with effective goal setting, which could be incorporated into practice. Findings also yielded directions for future research.