Plastic Bronchitis in a Case of Recurrent Wheezer

Plastic bronchitis (PB) is a rare disease characterized by partial or complete obstruction of the trachea or bronchi caused by endogenous tree-like mucus cast. It can lead to atelectasis or consolidation of the lung segment with symptoms of cough and dyspnea. A 23-month-old child was referred to us because of recurrent fever, cough, and breathing difficulty with suspicion of soft tissue mass on virtual bronchoscopy. He had past three episodes of hospitalization before presenting to us. Flexible video bronchoscopy aspirated a thick bronchial cast and the bronchoalveolar lavage sample was positive for Klebsiella pneumoniae . The patient was discharged without any recurrence of respiratory symptoms in follow-up.