Key result
The prevalence of pestivirus antibodies in South American camelids in Switzerland was 5.75% in 2008 and 3.63% in 2000, with no viral RNA detected, indicating a negligible risk as a virus reservoir.
Cross-Sectional (n=596)
Yes
Absolute Event Rate: 5.75% vs 3.63%
South American camelids in Switzerland have a low prevalence of pestivirus infections and represent a negligible risk of re-infection for the bovine viral diarrhea virus eradication program in cattle.
Supports negligible BVDV reservoir risk from camelids; leaves open value of targeted surveillance in eradication programs.
BACKGROUND: In the context of the ongoing eradication campaign for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in cattle in Switzerland, the role of South American camelids (SAC) as a possible virus reservoir needed to be evaluated. OBJECTIVE: To assess and characterize the prevalence of pestivirus infections in SAC in Switzerland. ANIMALS: Serum samples collected from 348 animals (40 herds) in 2008 and from 248 animals (39 herds) in 2000 were examined for antibodies against pestiviruses and for the presence of BVDV viral RNA. METHODS: Cross-sectional study using stratified, representative herd sampling. An indirect BVDV-ELISA was used to analyze serum samples for pestivirus antibodies, and positive samples underwent a serum neutralization test (SNT). Real-time RT-PCR to detect pestiviral RNA was carried out in all animals from herds with at least 1 seropositive animal. RESULTS: In 2008, the overall prevalence of animals positive for antibodies (ELISA) and pestiviral RNA or was 5.75 and 0%, respectively. In 2000, the corresponding prevalences were 3.63 and 0%, respectively. The seroprevalences (SNT) for BVDV, border disease virus or undetermined pestiviruses were estimated to be 0, 1.73, and 4.02% in 2008, and 0.40, 1.21, and 2.02% in 2000, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: At the present time, SAC appear to represent a negligible risk of re-infection for the BVDV eradication program in cattle in Switzerland.
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Mudry et al. (2010) conducted a cross-sectional in Pestivirus infections (n=596). Time period (2008) vs. Time period (2000) was evaluated on Prevalence of animals positive for pestivirus antibodies (ELISA). The prevalence of pestivirus antibodies in South American camelids in Switzerland was 5.75% in 2008 and 3.63% in 2000, with no viral RNA detected, indicating a negligible risk as a virus reservoir.
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