Fluorescence resonance energy transfer between two fluorophores (F1 and F2) attached to the two ends of a molecular beacon DNA probe containing a hairpin structure can be used for quantitative DNA/RNA studies (see scheme). Concentrations of target-DNA as low as 1.7×10−10 M could be determined with a commercial spectrometer by using coumarin and 6-carboxyfluorescein as the fluorophores. Measurements on the Förster energy transfer distance for the donor/acceptor pair can also be carried out using these DNA probes.
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Zhang et al. (2001) studied this question.