Distributed Secure Balancing Control for Battery Energy Storage Systems Under Privacy-Preserving Mechanisms

This paper deals with the privacy-preserving-based distributed secure balancing control problem for battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in a microgrid. A novel distributed consensus algorithm is proposed based on the state decomposition strategy and the homomorphic cryptography technique, under which the state-of-charge (SOC) balancing issue is addressed amid potential privacy leak threats. By decomposing the state of the modified SOC for BESSs based on the number of neighboring BESSs, the privacy of each BESS’s state is safeguarded, provided that the BESS has at least one neutral neighboring BESS. Each homologous substate exchanges information directly, and non-homologous substates exchange information using a homomorphic cryptography algorithm. A weighted approach is used to ensure that the sum of the homologous substates aligns with the group decision value, thereby maintaining consistency among these homologous substates. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through a series of illustrative simulation experiments.