Research on Anatomy of the Pulp Chamber Floor of the Maxillary Second Permanent Molar in CBCT

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the pulp chamber floor anatomy of the maxillary second permanent molar in Chinese individuals by using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). These data may facilitate endodontic treatment success. Methodology: A total of 2505 CBCT images of maxillary second permanent molars were studied to evaluate the shape of the pulp chamber floor, the types of developmental root fusion lines (DRFLs), the number of canal orifices and their possible relationships. Results: Three pulp chamber floor shapes were identified: triangular (50.3%), rhomboid (34.3%) and oval (15.4%). The shape of the DRFLs and the number of canal orifices on the pulp chamber floor were variable. The frequency of non branching DRFLs was 63.8%, followed by branching DRFLs (33.6%). The I-shaped DRFL group had more variations in the number and location of canal orifices. Conclusion: The anatomy of the pulp chamber floor of the maxillary second permanent molar in Chinese individuals is diverse. Knowledge of variations in pulp chamber shape, types of DRFLs and canal orifice number of the maxillary second permanent molar can help reduce the risk of missing root canals in endodontic treatment.