Key result
Interpregnancy weight gain was associated with a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in the subsequent pregnancy (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.30-1.83), whereas weight loss lowered the risk.
Why the study?
To synthesize evidence regarding the association between interpregnancy weight change and gestational diabetes mellitus in the subsequent pregnancy.
Does interpregnancy weight change affect the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in a subsequent pregnancy?
Meta-Analysis
Does interpregnancy weight change affect the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in a subsequent pregnancy?
Odds Ratio: 1.56 (95% CI 1.3–1.83)
Interpregnancy weight gain increases the risk of gestational diabetes in a subsequent pregnancy, whereas weight loss decreases it, especially in overweight or obese women.
Interpregnancy weight gain was associated with higher subsequent GDM risk and loss with lower risk; supports counseling but leaves causal effects open for trials.
Objective This study aimed to synthesize evidence regarding the association between interpregnancy weight change (IPWC) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the subsequent pregnancy. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched from inception to May 10, 2020. This review included studies that reported the association between IPWC and GDM in the subsequent pregnancy without restriction on study design, IPWC classification, or parity. The “no weight change” interpregnancy category was defined by each study, and data were synthesized to analyze the risk of GDM according to weight change. Results Thirteen observational studies were included. A higher risk of GDM in the subsequent pregnancy when there was interpregnancy weight gain (odds ratio [OR] = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.30‐1.83; I2 = 82.30%) was found. However, interpregnancy weight loss was associated with lower risk of GDM in the subsequent pregnancy (OR = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.68‐0.98; I2 = 58.10%), but the decrease in the risk of GDM in the subsequent pregnancy was greater among women with pregestational BMI higher than 25 kg/m2 (OR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.39‐0.77; I2 = 0.00%). Conclusions The risk of GDM in the subsequent pregnancy increases with interpregnancy weight gain, whereas it decreases with interpregnancy weight loss.
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Martínez‐Hortelano et al. (2021) conducted a meta-analysis in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Interpregnancy weight gain vs. No weight change was evaluated on Gestational diabetes mellitus in the subsequent pregnancy (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.30-1.83). Interpregnancy weight gain was associated with a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in the subsequent pregnancy (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.30-1.83), whereas weight loss lowered the risk.
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