Hydromagnetic Double-Diffusive Unsteady Mixed Convection in a Trapezoidal Enclosure Due to Uniform and Nonuniform Heating at the Bottom Side

This article focuses on exploring the effect of the magnetic field on double-diffusive mixed convection in a lid-driven trapezoidal enclosure with a uniformly (case I) and nonuniformly (case II) heated and concentrated bottom wall for unsteady flow. Numerical calculation is carried out for different values of Hartmann number (0–50) and Richardson number (0.1–100) at time τ = 1 using the finite-element method (FEM). Temperature, mass, and velocity distribution are expressed graphically as heatlines, masslines, and stream function, respectively. Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are used to demonstrate heat and mass transfer graphically. Better heat and mass transfer were found for case I than case II.