Gas‐phase ion thermochemistry in organometallic systems

I. Introduction 408 II. Techniques Employed to Measure Binding Energies 409 A. Continuous‐Ejection Technique (CE) 409 B. Equilibrium Measurements 409 C. Kinetic Method 410 D. Radiative Association (RA) Kinetics Method 410 E. Threshold‐CID Experiments 410 F. Zero‐Pressure Thermal Radiation‐Induced Dissociation Technique (ZTRID) 411 III. Metal Ion—Ligand Binding Energies 411 A. Lithium 411 B. Sodium 412 C. Magnesium 413 D. Aluminum 414 E. Silicon 414 F. Potassium 414 G. Calcium, Strontium 415 H. Scandium 415 I. Titanium 415 J. Vanadium 415 K. Chromium 416 L. Manganese 416 M. Iron 416 N. Cobalt, Nickel 419 O. Copper 419 P. Zinc 421 Q. Rubidium, Cesium 421 R. Molibdenum, Tungsten 423 S. Silver, Cadmium 423 T. Platinum 425 References 425 This review represents a general overview on the determination of bond energies in gas‐phase organometallic systems. The paper focuses on articles published in the last 7 years, whose main scope was to experimentally measure metal ion–ligand binding energies. Therefore, studies of reactivity and characterization of ion complexes are not included, even if some of them display bond energies among the data measured. Bond energies are presented according to the metal ion complexed, in increasing order of atomic number. Periodic trends of binding energies and correlations among the various ligand are discussed. A brief summary of the most used techniques specifically devoted to gather bond energies is also provided.