The protonation of TCNQ, anion radical has been studied with an oxygen-free stopped-flow apparatus. The protonation rate is proportional to the square of TCNQ concentration, being independent of the proton concentration. It is suggested that there exists an intramolecular step in which the electronic structure of TCNQ changes into another one ready to accept a proton.
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Akihiko Yamagishi (1976) studied this question.
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