Utilization of Lignocellulosic Biomass via Novel Sustainable Process

Introduction1.1 Recent progress in utilization of lignocellulosic biomass via physicochemical extraction To achieve sustainable social development, breaking away from petroleum-based material science is essential [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] .As a natural and renewable alternative to petroleum-based resources such as polylactide 3) , waste plant biomass has attracted attention with respect to generating energy and functional materials 2,[4][5][6][7] .Lignocellulosic biomass is the main component of waste plant biomass, consisting of polysaccharides and lignin.Polysaccharides, including cellulose and hemicellulose, have been used as pulp 5) , biofuel 7, 11, 12) , and nanofibrous materials 13) .Lignin, an aromatic polymer consisting of propenyl phenol units, also has potential as a renewable alternative to synthetic aromatic polymers such as polyimide 14) .Several studies examined the potential uses of lignin 15) , e.g., in high-performance thermoplastics 8) , phenolic resin 16) , and composite film 17) .Unfortunately, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in plants are chemically linked in a complex manner and are thus difficult to separate efficiently 18) .The most reliable