Natural Occurrence of Fumonisin B 1 and Its Co-occurrence with Aflatoxin B 1 in Indian Sorghum, Maize, and Poultry Feeds

A total of 138 samples consisting of 19 rain-affected sorghum, 25 rain-affected maize, 35 normal maize, 44 normal sorghum, and 14 poultry feed samples collected from six different places were analyzed for fumonisin B 1 and aflatoxin B 1 . All the rain-affected sorghum and maize samples were contaminated with fumonisin B 1 in the range 0.07−8 and 0.04−65 mg/kg, respectively. On the other hand 26 normal maize samples and 2 normal sorghum samples were contaminated with fumonisin B 1 at levels ranging from 0.01 to 5 and 0.15 to 0.51 mg/kg. Fumonisin B 1 contamination in the poultry feed samples ranged from 0.02 to 0.26 mg/kg. All of the rain-affected samples and poultry feed samples were contaminated with aflatoxin B 1 . 20% of normal sorghum and 89% of normal maize samples also contained aflatoxin B 1 in the range of 5−125 and 0.38−109 μg/kg, respectively. This study reports for the first time the natural co-occurrence of fumonisin B 1 and aflatoxin B 1 in Indian maize and poultry feeds.