Experimental study demonstrates zinc-diffused lithium niobate modulators at 1.55-micrometer wavelength, indicating flexible device fabrication with high electro-optic tunability.
Zn‐diffused Mach–Zehnder intensity modulators operating at 1.55‐μm wavelength are demonstrated on a z‐cut and a y‐cut LiNbO3 substrate for the first time. The switching voltages are measured and the corresponding values of switching voltage‐length product are 9.6 V‐cm and 13.5 V‐cm for the z‐cut and y‐cut modulators, respectively. Both the modulated extinction ratios are about 20 dB. The results show that the Zn‐diffused modulators not only have electro‐optic tunability as great as that of the Ti‐diffused ones, but also have more flexibility for device fabrication.
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Twu et al. (2004) studied this question.
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