Acute testicular pain

Severe acute testicular pain is usually due to acute epididymo-orchitis. In a minority of patients, acute testicular pain is caused by spermatic cord torsion; the other causes responsible for acute testicular pain are unusual. The ultrasound appearances of these entities are described and illustrated with particular emphasis on the Doppler ultrasound appearances. Ultrasound appearances differ appreciably to allow a confident diagnosis to be made in the majority of patients.